Signai kan dawng a, ngaihtuahna kan nei mai hi a ropui rapthlak dan a bawn lutuk. Signal vangin Memory a awm a, 'Learning' hmanga ṭhang lian a ni leh zel te hi!
'Memory' thumal hi thiltihtheihna hrang hrang a lantir a: chu chu hnathawh laiin thu hriatna chu rei lo te chhunga vawn (working memory), mahni nun chhunga thil thlengte hriatreng (episodic memory), leh khawvel thil dik tak kan hriatna tlangpui (semantic memory), leh chi dang ang te hi a ni.
Mihringa Memory in dah lut hi a invawn ṭhat dân chi hrang pahnih a awm a. Chungte chu,
Encoding
English 'Encode' tih awmzia chu thil pakhat (data, thlalak, thu, hla) kha a form pangngai aṭangin form dang, a bik takin Thluak emaw computer-in a hriatthiam/chhiar thiam zawng (code, binary, encryption) a thlakna/siamna a ni.
Kar hmasa a ṭhiante nen Dinner kan ei kha a leh pek thlengin, tum vang pawh nilovin hriat reng a ni fo a. Mahse chawhmeh erawh kan hre tawh lo! Hetiang hi Thluak chhunga 'encoding' an ti a.
Khawiah pawh kan bul leh chheh vela waves leh frequency(a awlsam zawngin boruak a energy awm ti mai ang) che vel ten Thluakah an lo encoded hman a. Chu chu kan tum vang nilovin kan environment nêna inngheng kan nih tlat vang a ni!
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A chian zual nan, Marble 10 hi tum bik neiin thehchhuak la. An vai hian i tum hmun an thleng vek lovang; a ṭhen chuan hmundang daih an pan a nga, a ṭhen chu an ding daih a nga, a ṭhen i tum hmun an thleng ang.
Hetiang chiah hian marble hi waves leh frequency ni ta se, i tum hmun kha nangmah (mihring) ni bawk sela; waves hian min kal pel vek lova. A ṭhen chuan kan taksa an contact a. Ngaihtuahna insiam in memory in a zui ṭhin!
Chuvangin engemaw kan thiltih leh kan bula thilthleng, a chipchiar ni si lova kan hriatreng ṭhin chhan leh vang hi a ni a! Neuroscience aṭanga sawi dawn chuan kan sense paruk ten electrical activity aṭang massage(thu dawn) hi waves-paticles angin a dawng a. Tum vang nilovin thilthleng chu DNA ah a inchhu-kai a, hriatrengna(memory) a siam ṭhin.
Mihring a a thlen dân chu:-
- TV en a zirin mihring mizia a insiam danglam ṭhin!
- Ṭawngkam ṭha lo hi Naupangin an tum vang nilovin an lo hmang ve mai ṭhin!
- Mit a thil hmuh hian midang chet ze ṭha lo a zir thuai ṭhin bawk a.
- Sermon lungkuaiah mihring a ṭap ṭhin.
Storage
Hei thung erawh environment aṭanga encode tawh Thluak a dahṭhat(storage) dân a ni thung a. Encoding nena inzawm an nih avângin a pawimawh hle bawk a. Richard Atkinson leh Richard Shiffrin te duan niin chi thumah an ṭhen a. Tihian,
- Sensory Memory
- Short Term Memory
- Long Term Memory
Entirna hmangin hriatfiah a awlsam. Tihian,
Sensory Memory: Zanlai ah Aizawl khawpui Bike a i fan kual chuan i hrethiam mai ang. Motor ṭhenkhat chuan intawh chângin light down(or dim) nachang an hre lova. Mit an tivai a. Chetsualna a thleng lek lek ṭhin.
Hei hi a hnu zelah pawh light ên zia leh hlauhawm zia hriatreng ala ni ṭhin. Hetiang chiah hian Lusun nikhuaa ṭhenawmte music bengchhen zia pawh a hnu zelah hriatreng ala zel ṭhin. Hei hi Sensory Memory a khung a ni a. Long Term memory ah an lut tlang tlangpui bawk ṭhin! Tin, he memory hian a hre chipchiar ngai lo bawk.
Short Term Memory: Naupan lai deuhva 'Pathum hmun' vâwn te, Phone number vâwn ṭhat ho ang hi an ni a. Kan hre rei lova, vawikhatah tam tak chhinchhiah theih a ni hek lo.
Psychological Science- in min hrilh dânin thil thar hlak chhinchhiah dawn ta ang ila, thumal pakua ni(Digit/alphabet 9) bak aia tam a dah theih loh an ti ṭhin. Entirnan, JDBDKLDBS hi chhinchhiah chhin teh, naktukah i theihnghilh leh mai thei. A nihloh pawn JDBDKLDBSFFKD hi tum chhin leh rawh. I thei nge thei lo.
Long Term Memory: Hei hi nitin nuna chiang em em leh zual a ni a. Engtin nge chaw ei kan thiam, kal kan thiam, English kan thiam, Motor chuan kan thiam te hi, a vai hian Long term memory vek an ni a. Sawi tam a ngai hran lo.
Theory hmanga Neuropsychological case lian ber chu Henry Molaison, kum 60, MIT, mi thiam tak leh temporal lobe epilepsy vei niin seizures tih tlem tumna a nei a. A thluak hmun veilam leh dinglam hippocampus nêna inzawm chu operation hmangin an la chhuak a. Vanduaithlak takin Henry Molaison chu a zual ta tlat a! A hriatrengna (amnesia) a bo ṭhen a. Midang ang lo takin HM chu episodic long-term memory-ah chauh harsatna a nei a. Digit span(Psychological test, mi pakhatin number hrang hrang, a tlangpuiin digit 5 aṭanga 9 inkar, hre nawn leh tura working memory capacity tehna) a hniam a, a intelligence skills pawh ahma aiin a buai zual a, chutiang bawkin a ṭawng thiamna pawh. Minute tlemte aia rei thil tawn a hrechhuak thei lo va, standard visual leh verbal memory test-ah a chhe hle a, mi thar emaw, president thar emaw hming emaw hmel emaw a zir thei lo va, khawiah nge a awm tih pawh a hre thei lo ṭhin.
Henry Molaison case hian mihring hriatrengna ah kawng hnihin nghawng lian tak a nei a. Neurosurgical hmanna leh anatomical location( a psychology khawih thil bik awmna) pawimawhzia a tifiah a. Thluak–nungchang inzawmna chungchangah nasa takin hriatna a tipung bawk a ni. Kum 2008-a Henry-a a thih khan kum 82 mi a ni. Tin, kum 60 mi a nih lai khan damlo a nih angin Henry Molaison (HM) hian hriatrengna kan hriatthiamna kawngah nasa takin a thawhhlawk hle a ni.
Learning
A tawp berah chuan Memory awm lovin Learning a awm thei lova. Awm dun ve ve ngai a ni! Kan Learning dan hi chi hnih lian tak a awm a. Vawikhat leka zawm/vâwn hnua memory theih mai an ni a, a hming ah 'Non-associative learning' an ti. Pakhat chu vawi tam tak hnua memory ve theih chauh te an ni thung a, 'Associative Learning' tih a ni ve thung.
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Non- Associative Learning....
Mihringin vawi tam zir nawn ngai hmiah lova alo zawm emaw zui ve nghal mai ṭhin dân hi chi hnihin an ṭhen sawm leh a. Mipakhatin midang tihdan nuihzathlak ṭhenkhat a zir sak vel fo chuan amah pawhin eng hun emaw ah tihluihna tel lovin a ching ve mai ṭhin. Hetiang chiah hian Mizoram a awm te chuan zanriah hi tlai dar 5 ah an ei a. A taksain a response dân pawh tlai dar 5 ah zel rilṭam a lo kal ṭhin! Tichuan zan dar 9 velah phailam nêna rualin ti ve chhin dawn se, a taksain a nghak thleng zo lo mai thei. Hei hi 'habituation' tiin Physchological term pek a ni nghe nghe.
A dang pakhat zawkah entirna dang a awm leh. Ban a thak a, kan hiat a. Reilo ah hiahna lai a sen a nga, alo nâ mai ṭhin. A awmzia chu ban hiah hi respons0e ni se, a thak(iching) kha 'stimulus' ni bawk se; a thak hunah kan hiat zel ṭhin. Stimulus chu Response in a zawm a, nâ tihna a thawn ṭhin a, a nat avangin hiah tawp a ngai ṭhin. Hei hi 'Sensation' tih a ni. Chaw ei tam lo tura hriatna alo awm chhan pawh ei tam leh pum nâ a inzawm vang a ni. Hetiang zelin Ke chhuih palh laka fimkhur a ngaih chhan pawh 'nâ(response)' a siam vang a ni!
Associative Learning...
He theory tâna ngaihdan siam hnem ber leh an pawm ber zing ami chu Iva Pavlo a ni a. A theory chu 'Pavlovian Theory' tih a ni a, 'Classical Conditioned' tihin hriat a h.
Classical Conditioned
In thar luah a. Ṭhenawm te'n luah ṭan niin tuihawk min luan khum a. Kan va hrilh hria a, a thinrim zawkah an lo ṭang leh zel a!
Hetianga kum thum meuh kan inhrawn fo hnu chuan ṭhenawmpa chu mi mak tak niin ngaih nghet tlat a ni tawh a. Tuihawk a luan loh chuan a fel ah kan ngai a, tuihawk a luan luh tir chuan hrilhin a sawt lo tihna a ni!
Oparent Conditioned:
Nitin nuna thil thleng ṭhin, entirnan Ruah sur leh kawng min fo avângin kawng ṭha kan zui emaw pan hi zirna, kan hriatloh hlana kan taksa leh rilruin chhinchhiah a a zui tâk hi a ni!
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