BIBLE THUDIK PAWNGSUAL DAN CHANCHIN (HISTORICALLY MISINTERPRETATION OF BIBLICAL TRUTHS)

History kan keu chuan Greek lal ropui Alexandera mittui tlakna chhan chu kum BC 326 a Babulon atang a Indus lui a thlen tuma indopui tur dang an awm tawhlo kha ani, tih kan hria a! A hma BC 334 liam ta ah Asia Minor a hneh a, chuta tang Aigupta, Gaza, Tura, Palestina te a la leh a. Israel pawh Persia sawrkar hnuaia a awmlaiin Juda leh Samari ram pawh a awp ta a ni! Chu chu Greek ram kan tih hi a ni! [ Simon Horn blower, "Greek Identity in the Archaic and Classical Periods" in Katerina Zacharia, Hellenisms, Ashgate Publishing, 2008, pp. 55–58.]

Greek mite an ropuina chu science lama an sang filawr em em hi a ni a. Tin, Philosophy leh Politics lamah pawh theory leh argument tam tak vawrhchhuakin hnam fing hmasa an ni nghe nghe! [Griffin, Jasper; Boardman, John; Murray, Oswyn (2001).The Oxford history of Greece and the Hellenistic world. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Oxford University Press. p. 140.ISBN 0-19-280137-6.]

'Theology' kan tih thumal a 'theos' pawh hi Greek tawng atang a lokal niin an pathian 'theos' te sawina an ni bawk a; Olympus ah khawsain tun thlenga kan hriatlar 'Zeus' an Pathian chungnungbera thawnthu kanla hmuh fo te hi an ni a. [Illiad, The fall of the last Tyrant]. An theology hi philosophy nena a inkungkaih tlat avangin khawvel pumpui ah Alexandera hunlai hian nasa taka thehdarh ani nghe nghe a, Christian tena Bible lam zirna 'theology' kan tih te pawh hi anihna takah chuan 'Theos(Greek Pathian ho sawina) zirna' tih hi a lam dik tak chu a ni a, Juda Pathian sawina lam nen chuan a inkungkaihlo hle a ni! 'Theologian' tih te ngat phei chu Greek Mythology huangchhung zirtirna tihna ani daih tawh a, Bible thu nen a inrem lul silo! Engtia greek tawngkam hi Bible a lolut ta nge erawh chu kanla sawi chhoh zel dawn nia.

Greek

Tichuan Alexandera chu BC 323 ah kum 32 mi niin a boral a. A boral hnu ah Greek lalram chu Governor ten an awpchin ah lalna siam tumin an inchuh vek a! Palestina hmuna Israel mite awmna pawh Ptolemy hnuaiah a awm a. Kum 125 zet chu Juda ten a hnuaiah an rinna kawngah zalenna an nei nghe nghe a, Juda te hotuah Puithiamte pawh dah an ni bawk! [Ptolemy II Philadelphus, 308-246 BC. Mahlon H. Smith. Retrieved 2010-06-13].

Mahse chu zalenna chu Juda te tana an hnam dâlna hmahruaitu alo ni lek chauhva! Alexandera hming chawia phuah Alexandria khua, Aigupta hmuna Juda chengte chuan an zalenna chu an hnam tidaltu anih tih hre lovin Greek mite Philosophy leh Ethics chuan a chiah piah nasa hle a, an hnam Hebrai tawng aia Greek an hman nasat avangin an tawngbil tak ngial pawh alo rei deuh hnuah an theihnghilh chhoh va, tam takin Hebrai tawng pawh anlo chhiar thiam ta lo hial reng a ni!

Greco- Roman

Chutia an rinna leh hnambil tawng a kalkawp reng a ngaih si avangin an Mikveh(Dan) te pawh chu Greek tawnga lehlin hial alo ngai ta! Chuvangin Greek Philosophy thiam leh Hebrai tawng hrethiam tak tak mifing Juda mite chuan Thuthlung Hlui bu pumpui chu Greek tawnga lehlin anlo ni ta hial a, chu chu 'Septuagint' kan tih hi a ni a [Tractate Megillah,  pages 9a-9b.] An tawngkam hman tam tak chu Greek Philosophy nena inzawm thumal hman a ni a; entirnan, Theos kan tih kan sawi tak chunglam ami te ang khi an ni! Mahse a pawina chu tun hnuah mithiam tam takin he Bible zirna hi Juda Mechanical leh Dynamical values anih miau avangin Greek tawng hian a hlat si a, chuvangin Interpretation tam tak alo piang a, scholar tam takin Commentary an chhuah luai luai a. ["Bible  Translations – The Septuagint". Jewish Encyclopedia. com. Retrieved 10 February 2012.] Word Game nasa takin alo chhuak ta anih hi! Entirnan, Thuthlung Thar Greek ziaka tawngkam lar mizovin 'medil' sawi nana a hman Greek tawnga 'Haides' tih hi a ni; Greek value atang a a awmzia kan zu chik chuan Zeusa unaupa Haides, lei hnuai lalpa, hremhmun lalpa kha ani a, kan sawizauna ah pawh 'hremhmun mei alh dur dur' hi kan mitthla ta daih mai anih hi! Chu chu a pawina a ni! [Jennifer M. Dines, The Septuagint, Michael A. Knibb, Ed., London: T&T Clark, 2004.]

Tin, Hei bakah hetih lai a greek tawnga lettu te hian 'Apokrifa' bu pawh Greek tawngin an siam bawk a, chu erawh Juda mi tam zawkin an pawmloh avangin kan Bible ah telh ani ta lo thung! Mahse a pawimawhna erawh Greek hunlai a Juda te chanchin hriatna source a ni a, abikin Makabia I leh II te hi an ni! [Rick Grant Jones, Various Religious Topics, "Books of the Septuagint",  (Accessed 2006.9.5).]

BC 281 na hnulawk ah Aigupta awptu Ptolemy zawh ah Selucusa thlah kal zel Antiochus III- na chuan Palestina nen a awp veleh ta a! Ptolemy ang tho va Juda te tana tha em em ani tho nachungin Rom ho a hnehloh atang Juda te a tiduhdah tan a! A dawhleh awptu Selucus IV nen Juda te an inti tha vak loleh a! A dawhleha awptu Antiochus IV- na meuhvin BC 175-163 a a han hrawn ve phei chu Juda ten buaina an tawh pha nasa ta ngei mai!

Sawi angin Antiochus IV-na hian 'Ephiphanes' tiin a hming a invuah a, chu chu 'Pathian tisa a chang' tihna a ni! Thamna avangin Puithiam lal chu a duh duh ah a siam a. Greek sakhuana nena inzawm ah Puithiam ho a hruai lui fo va! Aigupta a rûn haw lamah Jerusalem a suasam a! Juda te an Dan vawn a khap sak a, inthawina leh kût te hman a khap tel bawk a! Serhtan khapna leh Dan bu zawng zawng halchhiatna thu a chhuah bawk a ni! Tin, thiltenawm tak Vawk chu Juda te a eiluih tir bawk an ti a. Temple ah milem Pathian a din bawk niin an sawi! [ANTIOCHUS IV., EPIPHANES. Jewish Encyclopedia, I906.]

Makabia(1:43,52) ziak pakhatna chuan a sawi danin tihluihna hmanga Greek Philosophy leh Myths pawm turin Juda te a nawr a. Hemi avang hian Juda tam tak chuan Juda rinna chu an kalsan phah hial, a ti bawk!

Hetih lai hun hrehawm tak hian Antiochus IV rorelna duhlo Juda pawl khauh tak a hringchhuak a, pakhat chu 'Hasidim' tih a ni! An tum chu he Juda te nekte nekchepna sukiang tura inhawrkhawm leh chak zawka hmalak tumna a ni a! Scholar thenkhat chuan Daniela lehkhabu pawh hi hetih hunlai a siam hi anih an ring (Dan 8:23-25; 11:40-45)! [Johnston, Sarah Iles (2004). Religions of the Ancient World: A Guide. Harvard University Press.  p. 186. ISBN 0-674-01517-7.]

A dangleh chu 'Makabia' tih ani thung a. Puithiam Matthathias a chuan Judate tiduhdah tura Antiochusa'n a palai tirh te alo thah atang a intan a ni a; 'Dan tana rinawm leh Thuthlung tantu apiangin mi zui rawh se' tiin a au a, Juda tam takin an zui nghal ani! Tin, 'Makabia' tih pawh hi Puithiam Matthathias fapa Juda hming an phuahsak 'tuboh' tih niin pawl hmingah an hmang zui ta a ni! Makabia ziak pakhatna (bung 3:10-4;34) in a ziakdan chuan tum tam tak Greek sipai ten hmehmih an tum thin a, mahse an hlawhchham vek a ni! [Telushkin, Joseph (1991). Jewish Literacy: The Most Important Things to Know about the Jewish Religion, Its People, and Its History. W. Morrow. p. 114. ISBN 0-688-08506-7.]

Apokrifa

(Note: Heng pawl pahnih hi Hellenistic Judaism hringtu te an ni; Juda thisen kai, Jentail thisen kai bawk; Judaism leh Greek Philosophy chawmpawlh tu te sawina ani)

A tawp a tawp ah Juda ten zalenna chu BC 164/5 ah an hmuh phah ta nghe nghe a. [Jewish Encyclopedia] Temple an thian thianghlim nghal a. Chu chu ropui an tih em avangin a hriatreng nan kût(festival) ah an hmang zui a, chu kût chu "Inpumpekna Kût" tih hi a ni a. Kislev(december) 25- ah Antiochus IV ina Vawk Templea hlan a tum champha chiah kha a ni nghe nghe a. Thuthlung Thar lamah chuan Johana bung 10:22-23 ah te hian a lang a. Tunlai Juda te chuan 'Hanukkah' tiin an sawi ta ber [Ginsberg, Louis. 'Legends of the Bible'. Jewish Publication  Society (JPS):  Philadelphia, 1988].

Hetia Juda ten zalenna an sual mek laiin Antiochus IV pawh a boral ve ta zel a. Zalenna pum hlum Greek thuneitu te chuan an pek pha ta nghe nghe a ni! Hei hi Juda pawl pakhat kan sawi tak HAsidim mi thenkhat chuan an pawmpui a, Juda inrelbawl dan ah thuneihna neih tul an ti tawh lova. Chutihlai vekin Makabia pawl te an che tha a, Jerusalem pum an lak hnuin Makabia unau zinga naupang ber Jonathana chu Puithiam Lalber leh Juda rorelna kawnga hotu ah ruat ani ve bawk!

Makabia leh Hasidim pawl pahnih inkara thil inanglo, mahse an chipui Juda te rinna kawnga an sukthlek tidanglam thei inanglo pahnih an kalpui ve ve a! Sawi tak angin Hasidim hote chuan Greek Philosophy leh an ethics te chuan Juda te rinna an tihbuai loh chuan chung thil te chu hnawl kher ngai lovin an ngai a! Juda te rinna chungchang humhim chauh an duh a, mahse Greek politics leh philosophical ethics lama inbarhluh duhlo ang deuhva lang siin Makabia ziak chuan he pawlin a thamkawp nasat thu alo chhinchhiah a! Chung Hasidim puithiam thlah kal zel chu Isua hunlaia "Pharisai" kan tih tak te kha an ni zui nghe nghe! 'Hellenistic Judaism' pawh an ti bawk thin! [Syracuse University."The Jewish Diaspora in the Hellenistic Period"]. Makabia pawl anlo lan atang Juda kulmuk nih chu an tum ani tawp mai a! Makabia pawl lo lan tan tirh leh Hasidim puithiam thampawlh Judaism hun intawnchhoh tan tirh phei kha chuan Juda tam zawkin Hasidim pawl chu an dem rawn nasa nghe nghe! Mahse, hei hi an rinna ah an chian em vanga ngaih dawn chuan Sakhaw dang nen a inang si lova, Judaism ah chuan rinna lam zawng zawng hi politics, philosophy leh ethics lam ani tlat zawk si a. Rinna leh khawvel rorelna lam hi Judaism ah lak hran theih ani hauh lo! An nunkawng zawng zawng a an hnam leh hnam anga ni-bil an neih pawh Rinna hmanga kaihhruai vek ani! Chuvangin Hasidim/Pharisai te hian a mawihawih zawngin rinna lam chauh buaipui angin insawi thin mahsela he politics hi an khel ru em em si, a tih theih tlat a ni!

Chutih rual rualin Makabia ziak chuan 'Makabia pawl' alo lan hma Hasidim pawl Puithiam ten Jerusalem an enkawl lai hian Greek Philosophy leh ethics an thamkawp nasat thu leh, Makabia pawl anlo lan veleh a Greek thuril hnawl chawp chauh niin a sawi a! Makabia pawl atanga Puithiam lo nive ta te chuan fir em em angin Judaism an kalpui ta thung a, chu chu Thuthlung Thar lama 'Sadukai' te ho kha an thlah kalzel te chu an ni veleh bawk! [Nicholas de Lange (ed.), The Illustrated History of the Jewish People, London, Aurum Press, 1997, ISBN 1-85410-530-2].

Hasidim

Makabia leh Hasidim puithiamte hian Greek awpna atang a Rom awpna a an awmleh tum thlengin Juda te puithiam an ni chhoh char char a. Hemi chhunga an hnathawh pawimawh em em chu Bible lehlin leh hrilhfiah hi a ni a. BC pali na ah lehkhaziaktute(scribe) an tihte chu lo piangin anni chuan puithiam te sawifiahna leh hrilhfiahna lachhawngin Thuthlung Hlui Dan te chu an ziak tan ta a. Chu chu Oral Law kan tih 'Mishnah' hi a ni a. Chutih rualin Greek Septuagint pawh siam ani bawk a. Achhan pawh Juda tam zawkin Hebrai tawng thiam tawh heklo le!

Babylonian Talmud

He hrilhfiahna Mishnah hi Hasidim leh Makabia thlah puithiam, Greek chikai, Greek atang a saphun leh Greek philosophy chiah zawp tawh te BCE 532 hmalam atang tawha tawngkaa an inhlanchhawn tawh aziak a an siam tak anih avangin a hunlai events nena chhutin Politics leh Philosophical idea te, extreme tak taka hrilhfiahna te a ni hlawm a! Hei hi Greek leh Rome mite epa an awmlai anih avangin extreme taka zirtirna an kalpui theih nan a siam anih a rinawm leh bawk! Dan te chu an sawifiah a. An sawifiah chu an hrilhfiah leh a. A hrilhfiahna chu an thensawm leh a. Thensawm chu an then tè leh ta zel a ni! Chupawh chu ala famkimlo an ti a, sawifiah lehna Dan thiamten an siamleh a. Jerusalem lama siam a awm a. Chu chu 'Jerusalem Talmud' tih a ni a. Pakhatleh chu Babulon lama siam niin 'Babulon Talmud' tih ani veleh bawk! [Strack, Hermann, Introduction to the Talmud and Midrash, Jewish Publication  Society, 1945. pp. 11–12.]

Heng zawng zawng hi Isua khan a duh lova, a tullo nia a sawi te kha a ni a. Sabbath, kût leh ei leh in chungchang hi Isuan a tullo a tih te kha an ni reng reng lova! Mishnah leh Talmud hmanga Dan(Torah) an sawi zauna leh sawifiahna te zawk kha a ni a. Entirnan, Sabbath chu 'thianghlim taka serh tur' tiin Mikveh(Torah) chuan a sawi tawp a. Adang a sawi lo! Mahse Mishnah leh Talmud chuan Sabbath serh dan tur an sawi zau va, an zam chhuak a. [Talmud, Tractate Shabbat]. Mishnah sawidan chuan Sabbath ni hian Theipui rahro pahnih tlukpui- wine tui nokhat pawlh tawk, bawnghnute lem khat, hriak thih tawk, khawizu pema hnawih tawk, te chauh ei leh in phal niin a zirtir a! Chu an thil zam zingah 'sabbath ni a buhvui thliah' hi a thian siloh avangin leh, Isuan alo thliak chu an Puithiam te Dan sawizauna Mishnah leh Talmud hmanga anlo tehna Isuan a chhanglet ta mai a ni! Sabbath a tullo a ti lova, Sabbath a kan chawlh dan chu a 'kher mai' a hman tur nilovin kan chhia leh tha fim tak hmanga hman a pawimawh zawk zia te, thil tha tihna anih chuan hnathawh thleng pawhin a pawilo ve, tih angin a sawi thung ani! Sabbath ngai ngau a duhlo a ni lova, Israel kût ngau ngau a do ani lova, Ei leh In ngau ngau a do ani hek lova! Heng Dan phena an hrilhfiahna kher mai tak hi Isuan a tulna awmlo niin a sawi mai zawk ani!

Mishnah

Hei hi kan sawi fo angin Greek awpna hnuaia Juda te an hel tuma Jentail Saphun ten an chiahpiah leh Greek philosophy nena a chiahpiah, Juda saphun nisi Juda thisen pure nilo ten Dan an hrilhfiahna bu a ni a. Isuan a haw em em a! Zabi 2/3 AD a Jentail church father ten kohhran an han enkawl a, commentary leh interpretation, Greek dynamic leh mechanical meaning hmanga an han hrilhfiah ta chu Dan 10 bakah Mikveh hrim hrim an hmu sual a! Isuan a hua emaw a tibo emaw an ti ta vek a! An han hmu thelh nasa lutuk leh a awmzia an han hmu phalo lutuk hi chu Setana Plan hlawhtling ber zing ami ani tih hi phat rual a nilo!

A tawplam hnaih teh ang! A hmawr bawk ta nghal bawk ila. Kan Bible hi a neitu Juda tarmit kan vuah ve kher duhlo anih chuan tihsualna chance hi 100 ah 100 alo ni e! Dan chungchang te, Paula sawi fo Dan te, Christology a Doctrine inhnialna Messhiak chungchang te! Tin, Judaism ah rau rau Talmud leh Mishnah nilo, Classical Judaism pure em em a kalpui hi Pathian thu zir nan leh hmuhna tarmit atan chuan a fiah ber mai! Chu Judaism chuan Thlarau Thianghlim pawlna hmangin hnam leh culture, ethics leh ritual practices a nei vek a. Pathian pawh introduce a ni a. Chu chu kum 2000 awra upa Jentail theology aiin a tha filawr hlak a. Chu classical Judaism pure lutuk chu Greek, Persia, Babulon leh Rome sawrkarna hnuaia pawlhdal anih hnu leh a hnam Israel chhungkua ngei tihmang anih hnu ah, Isua ngei lei ah lokalin Israel chhungkaw bo ta hruai khawmna leh Judaism Dan belh nasa lutuk siam that hna arawn thawk bawk a nih kha. Awle, hriat thiam a hun e. Chawlawlna alo thleng tan ta!